A New Model for Science

The importance of science has rarely been higher up in our collective conscience. Medical breakthroughs, made in record time, helped tackle the Coronavirus pandemic head on, while new scientific innovations promise to reduce our contribution to climate change. Ensuring that science is carried out in the best possible way is therefore crucial. 

Focused research organisations (FROs) are an emerging model for transformative science projects which could complement how scientific research is conducted. In A New Model for Science, co-published with the Tony Blair Institute and Convergent Research, we examine what FROs are, and how they could give entrepreneurs, scientists, and engineers a new path for developing the sorts of transformative technologies which will be required to tackle pressing public problems. 

APPG for Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship Education

How can we equip young people with the skills to succeed in a fast-changing world of work? Entrepreneurship Education, a new paper by Finn Conway for the APPG for Entrepreneurship, explains the benefits of teaching young people how to start and grow a business. The report reveals that while young people have a huge desire to work for themselves, entrepreneurship education in schools is not integrated into the curriculum.

The report calls on the government to develop and publish a Youth Entrepreneurship Strategy for Schools, which would set out key skills it wants young people to develop, and to provide funding to encourage entrepreneurs from more representative backgrounds to visit and engage with schools.

Procurement and Innovation

For years, the government has stressed its commitment to helping SMEs succeed. One of the ways in which it does this most obviously is through the money it directly spends on them when procuring goods and services. However, as Chris Haley, Sam Dumitriu, and Aria Babu explain in a new report, under the status quo, the government makes it hard for SMEs and startups to compete with large incumbents, even when they have a better product. 

In Procurement and Innovation, the authors outline what challenges SMEs currently face when bidding for government contracts, before making a series of recommendations on how to mitigate such issues.

APPG for Entrepreneurship: Sharing Economy

Over the past decade, venture capitalists have invested nearly £3.5 billion into 465 sharing and on-demand economy businesses. Although the sector has grown rapidly in the UK, sharing economy entrepreneurs have expressed concerns about the direction of policy. In particular, changes to tax and regulatory policy could have a significant impact on investment.

This APPG for Entrepreneurship report sets out the key issues that entrepreneurs in the sharing economy are worried about. It advocates for a continued level-playing field on tax and for preserving the regulatory environment that has allowed the sector to flourish, while also empowering platforms to prioritise standards.

The Way of the Future: Supercharging UK Science and Innovation

Innovation has the potential to transform almost every aspect of our lives for the better, from the healthcare we receive and the food we eat, to the way we travel and how we interact with public services. At the same time, many economists believe we have experienced a great stagnation – with growth in total factor productivity stalling.

A new joint essay collection from The Entrepreneurs Network and The Tony Blair Institute sets out 10 radical science and innovation policy ideas to meet the ambition of making the UK a science superpower.

Knocking Down Barriers: Empowering business builders in the UK’s most deprived communities

New business creation will play a vital role in the post-pandemic economic recovery and the wider levelling up agenda. It also represents a powerful opportunity to strengthen and support people in some of Britain’s most deprived communities and increase their earnings through more fulfilling work.

In Knocking Down Barriers, we surveyed people in some of Newcastle and London’s most deprived areas. While we found no shortage of entrepreneurial potential, we did identify financial and confidence barriers to success – and recommend the government focuses its attention on helping people to overcome these.

The Case for Remote Work

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the case for short-term remote work is obvious. But the case for long-term remote work is also much stronger than is typically thought. Remote work allows firms to hire from outside their local labour market, which may mean they can employ more productive workers, and the benefits of workers clustering together have shrunk or disappeared entirely. 

The Case for Remote Work, written by Matt Clancy, assesses the evidence base around remote working, before suggesting a handful of policies which governments could implement to capture the benefits posed by a greater shift to remote working.

Educating Future Founders

Entrepreneurship education has traditionally taken place at universities, but there is strong evidence that earlier interventions can develop non-cognitive skills that are key to entrepreneurial success, such as creativity, persistence, and communication.

In Educating Future Founders, we recommend that governments invest in randomised control trials to gather evidence on interventions to boost entrepreneurship, and use the results to promote entrepreneurship education at a secondary level.

Upgrade

Digital technology has enabled businesses to continue trading in the most difficult of circumstances. As the UK economy recovers and reopens, increasing the rate of digital adoption by SMEs will be vital.

Although Britain is a world-leader in innovation, too often best practices are not spreading to all SMEs. In Upgrade, we argue that poor take-up of digital technologies by small businesses is a central element in our pre-COVID productivity crisis, and that increasing uptake will be vital to the economic recovery. We also quantify the £16.6bn cost to the UK economy of this digital gap and show what closing that gap would mean in terms of increased productivity.

Unlocking Growth

Access to capital is vital for most businesses to realise their growth ambitions. Yet navigating the array of funding options can be challenging. Polling suggests almost one in 10 entrepreneurs are discouraged from seeking external finance, even though their businesses have real funding needs.

In Unlocking Growth, we evaluate the funding options open for SMEs and propose key reforms to boost access to capital – from simplifying Research & Development Tax Credits, to experimenting with lottery-style funding to channel more grant-funding to start-ups, to liberalising rules around investments from defined-contribution pensions by reforming the fee cap.

Cashing Out

New technologies mean it has never been easier to avoid having to use cash, and the transition to a ‘cashless economy’ presents interesting opportunities – for individuals, businesses and the government. But parts of the press have decried the thought of cash vanishing from daily life, and in certain places around the world, attempts to slow the move away from cash are gaining traction. 

In Cashing Out, Fred de Fossard looks at the rise of cashless commerce, argues that politicians should embrace the phenomenon, and recommends efforts to enable going cashless would be a better way to allay any existing fears around a cashless economy. 

The Startup Manifesto

Startups are a key source of dynamism in the economy – bringing new goods and services to market, while experimenting with innovative business models. Ensuring the conditions are right for entrepreneurs to start new companies, and scale them once they have, is therefore critical.

In collaboration with The Coalition for a Digital Economy (Coadec), we have produced a manifesto to help create those conditions. The Startup Manifesto proposes 21 specific policies across three key areas: access to talent, access to investment, and regulation. 

Future Founders

In Future Founders, we set out to understand how young people think about entrepreneurship. Through polling of 14-25 year olds, we gained an insight into the aspirations, intentions, and motivations of the next generation of potential entrepreneurs. We found that over half have thought about, or already have, started a business – and only 15% said they had no intention of starting one. We also found that respondents who have a friend or family member who have started a business are more likely to do the same – suggesting that exposure to entrepreneurship is infectious. 

The results of our polling allow us to conclude that the ability to solve social problems might be a more persuasive reason to start a business than getting rich quickly, that more needs to be done to promote relatable entrepreneurial role models, and that simply not knowing where to start remains the single biggest barrier to founding a business.

Job Creators

Immigration is critical to the success of the UK. While just 14% of UK residents are foreign-born, 49% of the UK’s fastest-growing businesses have at least one foreign-born co-founder. These dynamic, innovative businesses bestow jobs and growth opportunities, and are vital to the strength of Britain’s economy. 

In Job Creators, Sam Dumitriu and Amelia Stewart analyse Britain’s fast-growing, immigrant-founded companies, and suggest a handful of visa reforms to allow the UK to retain its status as a top destination for entrepreneurial talent.

Management Matters

Too often, viable companies fail due to bad management, even when the fundamental idea behind the business is sound. Good management, however, is linked to stronger productivity, faster revenue and employment growth, and a higher chance of firm survival. Improving the management of Britain’s businesses is no small matter – evidence suggests that management explains nearly a third of the gap between the top and bottom performing 10% of companies in the UK.

In Management Matters, Sam Dumitriu recommends practical reforms, including tax breaks for self-funded work-related training, to encourage greater investment in management capability to reduce the rate of unnecessary business failure.